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December 1988 (Volume 66)
Quarterly Article
W. Pete Welch
Mark E. Miller
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In areas where HMOs have enrolled a small proportion of the general population, physician participation is less in mandatory HMO programs for Medicaid beneficiaries than in fee-for-service Medicaid. But where HMOs have enrolled over one-quarter of the general population, participation rates are indistinguishable under the two systems. In those areas, mandatory enrollment restricts freedom of choice of provider. A plausible reason for this is that individual practice associations, which contract with large numbers of physicians with both fee-for-service and HMO patients, are becoming the leading form of HMO.
Author(s): W. Pete Welch; Mark E. Miller
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Volume 66, Issue 4 (pages 618–639) Published in 1988